Hammertoe is a toe deformity characterized by an abnormal bend in one or more joints, causing the toe to curl downward rather than pointing forward. This condition can arise from various factors such as genetics, wearing tight or high-heeled shoes, toe trauma, muscle imbalance, or arthritis. Symptoms often include discomfort while wearing shoes, the formation of corns or calluses, difficulty flexing or straightening the toe, and in severe cases, limited mobility of the affected joint.
Treatment approaches range from conservative measures to more invasive interventions. Conservative methods involve wearing properly fitting shoes, using orthotic inserts or padding, performing toe exercises, and managing corns or calluses. In cases where these methods fail, medical interventions such as corticosteroid injections, splinting, or surgical correction may be necessary to alleviate symptoms and restore toe function.